Mozambique exhibits multiple classic symptoms of state fragility: structural governance weaknesses, corruption scandals (notably the “hidden debt” case)
Mauritania displays multiple features of state fragility: concentration of power, weak institutional checks, and dependency on extractive industries.
Madagascar remains structurally fragile, with deep institutional weaknesses and pervasive poverty.
The West Bank and Gaza face a unique and complex form of fragility rooted in geopolitical conflict, occupation, and institutional constraints.
Since its independence (2011), the country has suffered frequent civil war between rival factions, especially between President Salva Kiir and Riek Machar, undermining...
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