Eritrea

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Official name: State of Eritrea.

Geographical location :
A country in the Horn of Africa, along the Red Sea coast. It borders Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the southeast..

Official languages: Tigrinya, Arabic, English (de facto)

Population (thousands, 2024)

~ 0

(i.e. 3,535,603)

GDP per capita (2024)

~ USD 0

nominal (Data Commons), current US$

Note. Official recent data are limited or not publicly updated; World Bank’s latest series does not list a reliable value ~ USD 0.00

Why Eritrea is considered a “failed state”

Eritrea embodies extreme authoritarianism, institutional repression, and a de facto militarized social order. The regime maintains indefinite national service, severely restricts civil liberties (no independent media, no opposition parties), and systematically represses dissent — often compared with “gulag-style” secret detention.

Economic mismanagement, external isolation, and lack of institutional accountability further deepen fragility. According to the BTI Report 2024, almost no private enterprise can thrive, and the state expropriates diaspora investments in failed public projects.

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